Organic Chemistry - A Tough Subject to Understand

Organic Chemistry - A Tough Subject to UnderstandIt can be really confusing to learn organic chemistry. That's why it is important to master the basics of the subject so that you can avoid the mistakes and apply more to the right path in your career. Do not underestimate the importance of organic chemistry. If you make the right choices, you can use the right tools to excel in this field.One thing you need to know is that there are two ways of learning organic chemistry. You can learn it online or in a school. You can choose either, as long as you have a good Internet connection. Online learning is convenient and flexible. On the other hand, an actual classroom will be your best option, especially if you are trying to get into a good university for your undergraduate degree.There are different things that you need to know about organic chemistry. The basic principles of the subject will be familiar to most people. You will know that the primary things that you need to pay attention t o are the elements and atoms. You will know the basics of acids and bases. You will know that ions can only interact with the atoms of a substance, and not with the other substances.You will also know that chemical reactions can only occur when two substances interact with each other. You will know that carbon dioxide will combine with oxygen to form water, but that will only happen when there is a catalyst. Catalyst is what brings the things to their highest form. The base that comes after it can be either a neutral acid or base and the hydrogen will be a molecular form. Once you learn all these important concepts, you will be ready to begin learning the finer details of organic chemistry.There is one thing that you must do before you can begin your journey toward better knowledge in the subject, and that is to find the right resource. There are many resources available on the Internet, but you should consider the ones that are best suited for your needs. Some of them are free, and others cost money. Keep in mind that some can only provide you with information you will not have otherwise and others can only give you information on a subject that you already know.Once you find the right source, you will want to research on the book to which you will refer. Some books are more general in nature, while others are more specific. There are also materials that you can buy to supplement your study. Once you find the right one, you will want to go through the material and practice what you learned. This way, you will be more confident about what you are doing.Make sure that you take the time to find the right resource, because it will play a big role in your success in the field of chemistry. Organic chemistry is a relatively easy subject to understand, but you should make sure that you have a solid foundation before you proceed. If you do, you will be on your way to better knowledge in the future.

Sample Mean - Online Math Tutoring

Sample Mean - Online Math Tutoring Definition: -The sample mean is the average of a group of numbers and is computes by summing all the numbers and dividing by the numbers. Because the sample mean is so widely used, most statisticians refer to it simply as the mean or average. The sample mean is represented by x?. The formula for computing the sample mean is given as follows Sample mean = Sum of all values/ Number of sample. x? = x / n Where.x= Sum of all values n = Number of sample Example: - Last years incomes of five randomly selected families were 36,150 95,750 54,985 77,490 23,740 Find the sample mean. Solution: -The sample mean formula is Sample mean = Sum of all values/ Number of sample. x? = x / n =(36150+95750+54985+77490+23740)/ 5 Since there are five sample So n= 5 =288115/5 =57623 Therefore sample mean of this data set= 57,623 Other example: - The age of 10 randomly selected students from a class are 21 19 27 22 29 19 25 21 22 30 Find the sample mean. The sample mean formula is Sample mean = Sum of all values/ Number of sample. x? = x / n =(21+19+27+22+29+19+25+21+22+30)/10 Since there are ten sample So n= 10 = 235/ 10 =23.5 Therefore sample mean of this data set= 23.5

What Motivates Us to Learn

What Motivates Us to Learn By now, most educators  are familiar with the advice, “Praise the process, not the outcome.” which was revolutionized by Stanford Psychology professor, Carol Dweck. This strategy focuses on instilling a “growth mindset” an understanding that intelligence is learned, not innate, in students throughout their education. However, in a new article, Dweck herself warns against blindly following her research. So we are going to take another look at what motivates students to learn beyond good grades. First, let’s review. Dweck’s RSAnimate talk, “How to Help Every Child Fulfill Their Potential,” identifies two learning mindsets: fixed and growth. Students with a fixed mindset believe that intelligence is static, something you are born with, and if they can’t complete a task now, they never will. They believe that they must “look smart at all times and all costs,” that effort is a sign you don’t have ability, and that mistakes “reveal your limitations.” Students with a growth mindset, on the other hand, believe that intelligence is developed. They understand that the goal of education is to “learn at all times and all costs,” that “effort is what activates ability” and that “mistakes are a part of the process.” Dweck goes on to argue that praising children’s intelligence promotes a fixed mindset. Instead of building confidence in their ability to problem solve and work hard, children become attached to some vague idea of intelligence that feels impossible to improve upon. In a study done with 10 to 11 year olds, Dweck found that the majority of children who were praised for their intelligence chose to continue to do tasks they were already good at, while children praised for their process chose to tackle more difficult problems. Even when students returned to easier tasks, those in a fixed mindset got lower scores than those in a growth mindset. What happened next? Many parents and teachers took Dweck’s research to two extremes. Some thought the importance of praising the process should eclipse everything else, and doled out praise regardless of progress. Others were so hesitant to accidentally promote a fixed mindset that they only offered encouragement when their children or their students were struggling. What else can we do? If you find yourself falling into one of those two camps, try to remember that at the core of Dweck’s strategy is giving students enough information that they are able to recreate the behavior for which they are praised. “You’re so smart!” feels good in the moment, but it is difficult for students to simply “be smart” when they encounter their next challenge. Next time, point out something specific about the work  -  maybe the student took a unique approach, or it’s obvious that they tried a few solutions before they landed on the correct answer  -  and praise them for their creativity or tenacity instead. Rewarding your child for their good efforts is another popular approach, but it may be less effective than we think. Like Dweck, Dan Pink, author of “Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us,” also did a RSAnimate talk by the same name on motivation  in 2010. Pink found that as soon as a task required creative or conceptual thinking, larger rewards actually led to poorer performance. To motivate your students or children, try to focus on one of Pink’s non-reward drivers: autonomy, mastery and purpose. According to Pink, feeling as though something is your own, knowing you are getting better at it, and making a contribution are powerful motivators of learning and performance. Best of luck!

20 Reasons to Use Games in College-Level ESL Courses

20 Reasons to Use Games in College-Level ESL Courses Copyright 2018 Bokomaru Publications There are many good reasons why serious games remain appropriate teaching tools in college-level second language learning courses for young adults. Before we get into those reasons, there is one thing that we should clear up. A serious game is not the same as other  games. Unlike a game played for amusement, fun  is not its primary goal. Fun is merely a useful byproduct of a well-designed learning activity.  A serious games primary purpose is pedagogical. Above all else, it is intended to support one or more of the goals of the course. Anyone interested in instructional design would do well to consider the pedagogical benefits of serious games. The Pedagogical Benefits of Language Learning Games Here is a list of 20 pedagogical benefits that games can bring to the language learning classroom:  task regulation,  motivation and strategic thinking,  preparation, memory and retention, meaningful communicative exchanges, cognitive fluency,  attention to form,  peer-correction and instruction, openness and respect,  patience and planning, mastery experiences and  ego-gratification, self-confidence and self-efficacy,  contingency planning and resilience,  energy and excitement,  reduction in  egotism,  problem-solving and effort,  creativity,  coherence,  self-directed learning, and  time-on-task. How Games Provide these Benefits Games have  rules. Rules can keep learners focused on key structures, allowing careful  task regulation. Games have  goals. Goals create  motivation and strategic thinking. Games are a form of  simulation. Simulations give us  preparation  for high-stakes communicative tasks. Games involve repetition. Repetitions  enhance  memory and retention. Games are  interactive. Oral interaction gives us  meaningful communicative exchanges. Games require speed. Speed stimulates the development of  cognitive fluency. Games involve decisions. Decisions can direct  attention to form. Games involve  feedback. Feedback means  peer-correction and instruction. Games involve turn-taking. Turn-taking ensures  openness  to the participation of others,  equality, and  respect. Games involve waiting for a turn. Waiting teaches  patience and planning. Games have  win-states. Win-states provide  mastery experiences and  ego-gratification. Games require skill. Skill development generates  self-confidence and self-efficacy. Games involve chance. Chance creates  contingency planning and resilience. Games have sudden reversals of fortune. Reversals of fortune provide  energy and excitement. Games have lose-states. Lose-states cause  reductions in  egotism  that do not damage the ego since game-play is a non-literal state. Games have  challenges. Challenges demand  problem-solving and effort. Games involve  problem-solving.  Problem-solving sparks  creativity. Games have  a beginning, middle  and  end.  Sequence offers  coherence. Games are a form of play.  Play  is Evolution’s toolbox for  self-directed learning. Games are pleasurable.  Pleasure maximizes  time-on-task. **This list is an adapted and expanded list from  Prensky, 2001, Digital Game-Based Learning, McGraw-Hill, p. 6. Please follow and like us:

10 Illuminating Quotes from Famous Language Learners

10 Illuminating Quotes from Famous Language Learners 10 Quotes to Kindle the Flame of Language Learning Theres no place like home.A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.Winter is coming.Whether you mean for them to or not, chances are your favorite quotes work their way into your daily life.But quotes dont need to be used exclusively for adding color to your daily speech. They can also help you  overcome foreign language anxiety  and cast aside  myths about language learning.Yes, were talking about  language learning quotes. These inspiring gems will keep you grounded and maybe even motivate you to become the next  amazing polyglot.So whenever you need a language learning morale boost, look no further than these 10 uplifting quotes! Why Read Language Learning Quotes?First and foremost, language learning quotes are motivational. The best quotes serve as helpful reminders of why you wanted to learn a language in the first place. And a little extra motivation never hurt anyoneâ€"language learning motivation will keep you pressing forward towards fluency.Plus, language learning qu otes are powerful. A well thought-out quote can actually be quite moving and make you feel like a language learning warrior.Finally, language learning quotes will help you look at language from a different perspective. When youre in the throes of language learning, it can be hard to see the bigger picture. With all the vocabulary and grammar rules, you might instead focus on the nitpicky details. Language quotes can help redirect your focus to why learning a language is so valuable.10 Quotes to Kindle the Flame of Language LearningThose who know nothing of foreign languages know nothing of their own.â€" Johann Wolfgang von GoetheGood old Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. All in all, he was a pretty impressive guy. He lived in Germany from 1749 to 1832 and wore many hats, including statesman, poet and novelist. If that isnt enough to impress you, he also studied natural science.Growing up, Goethe studied several languages, including English, French, Italian, Latin, Greek and Hebrew. It sho uld come as no surprise, then, that he made this statement, which any language learner is likely to echo. Whenever you start to learn an additional language, you inherently learn more about your own.The limits of my language mean the limits of my world.â€" Ludwig WittgensteinLudwig Wittgenstein was an Austrian-British philosopher who lived from 1889 to 1951. His work focused on logic, math and (you guessed it) language.Wittgenstein linked the limits of language to the limits of philosophical thought. You can see that influence in this quote. After all, its difficult to think carefully about things that you lack words for. For language learners, this quote is empowering because you may have words in your second language to describe things you could never describe in your first language, thereby broadening the limits of your world.If we spoke a different language, we would perceive a somewhat different world.â€" Ludwig WittgensteinWittgenstein had a lot of great quotes about languages , so it seems fair that he made this list twice. This quotation points out the link between language and perception. Since perception is filtered through the words we know, the language you speak can actually shape what you perceive.For instance, if the language you speak has a dozen different words for shades of blue, youre more likely to notice color differences than if theres just one word for blue in your language. But language learners, take heart! By learning more languages, perhaps you can broaden your perception.The conquest of learning is achieved through the knowledge of languages.â€" Roger BaconRoger Bacon, a friar and philosopher who lived in England during the 13th century, penned this gem about languages. Its important to note that during that era the populace was predominantly illiterate. Bacon, however, was fluent in several languages and was particularly concerned with the accurate translation of old texts.While much has changed since the 13th century, this quote st ill seems to ring true today. The more languages you know, the more you can learn in general.To have another language is to possess a second soul.â€" CharlemagneCharlemagne was a European king in the 700s-800s. Hes well known for promoting literacy in an era when it wasnt popular. He himself continued to try to learn, read and write even in his older years.Charlemagne  likely spoke a Franconian language, in addition to Latin and some Greek. He encouraged translations of Christian texts and his royal library contained books on language. Charlemagnes quote will certainly make any language learner thinkâ€"how do you change when you speak your second language?If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.â€" Nelson MandelaNelson Mandela is perhaps one of the best known figures of the twentieth century. The beloved anti-Apartheid leader, philanthropist, President of South Africa and Nobel Peace Prize r ecipient was brilliant at bringing people together. This quote illustrates the role of language in bringing people together.Communicating with people in their native language is an undeniably valuable way to form deeper and more meaningful connections. If that isnt a good reason to keep studying a language, I dont know what is.The man who does not know other languages, unless he is a man of genius, necessarily has deficiencies in his ideas.â€" Victor HugoVictor Hugo is one of the best known French writers in history. He penned classics like Les Misérables and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, but this simple yet spot-on quote about language is just as powerful. It clarifies how knowing only one language can limit ones thoughts.Language shapes the way we think, and determines what we can think about.â€" Benjamin Lee WhorfBenjamin Lee Whorf was a 20th century American linguist. During his life he studied a wide array of languages, including Biblical Hebrew, Nahuatl, Hopi, Piman and Tepeca no. He also worked to develop the principle of linguistic relativity, which focuses on how language can affect ones worldview.The overall sentiment of this quote is quite similar to that of the Victor Hugo quote above: language deeply impacts both how we think and what we think about. By extension, knowing more languages might allow you to think about more things.Language is a city to the building of which every human being has brought a stone.â€" Ralph Waldo EmersonRalph Waldo Emerson was an American transcendentalist who lived during the 1800s. He wrote largely about self-reliance and individualism. It should perhaps come as no surprise, then, that this quote focuses on the role of the individual in language development.Essentially, this quote states that each person contributes to the development of a language. For language learners, its a helpful reminder that you arent just learning a languageâ€"youre also helping to shape it.It is astonishing how much enjoyment one can get out of a language that one understands imperfectly.â€" Basil Lanneau GildersleeveBesides having a really cool name, Gildersleeve was an American classical scholar who lived in the late 1800s and early 1900s. His specialty was Greek, but any language student can appreciate this quote.As a language student, it can often seem that your own weaknesses are constantly shoved in your face and that anything short of full fluency is a failure. Gildersleeves quote is an important reminder that you dont have to be perfect at a language to enjoy it wholeheartedly.With these 10 inspiring quotes at your side, youll always have the extra motivation you need to push a little further in your language education.

An Honest Review of Mondly Tech as Learning Aid or Gimmick

An Honest Review of Mondly Tech as Learning Aid or Gimmick An Honest Review of Mondly: Tech as Learning Aid or Gimmick? How can an alligator in your bedroom help you learn a language?Is there really anything a robot companion  can do to get you to improve?And, more importantly, is all this worth paying for?Mondly is a language learning app that has a lot of buzz surrounding it, especially after  winning a few awards when it burst onto the scene a couple of years ago.Its based around a combination of daily lessons focused on games and translations into your language, a chatbot and unique augmented reality features.But is it worth the hype? We delve into the main features in this Mondly review and then take a look at what the program does wellâ€"as well as what needs improvement. An Honest Review of Mondly: Tech as Learning Aid or Gimmick?The Key Principles of MondlyDaily useLike many other language apps you can carry in your pocket, Mondly places an emphasis on short but frequent lessons. It prepares a daily lesson for you, with sentences and new vocabulary that you can learn in your target language. Everything you learn is then recapped at the end of the class, and you can go back and review it at a later point.Whats more, you get daily reminders as notifications. You can set these to appear at a time convenient to you. So, if you prefer to learn first thing in the morning, you can ask the app to remind you at 7 a.m.; on the other hand, if you want to do some studying on your lunch break at work, set it to 1 p.m.As you continue your language learning journey, Mondly keeps you informed of how well youve been maintaining your daily study regimen.Translation into your L1Unlike methods of learning which focus purely on the target language, Mondly encourages you to learn to translate between your mother tongue or a language you already speak well and the language you want to learn.This is done through a mixture of typing, speaking and choosing words from a list. You can also hear the words spoken in your target language so that you start to associate the written word with the spoke n one.In practice, this means that its a little bit easier to get into learning than it otherwise would be. Mondly prides itself on having a large number of options for the base language, and youll find yourself processing the information well, especially at the early stages.Variety of learning methodsWe all know that learning a new language can feel like a bit of a slog at times. Thats why mixing it up is important!Mondlys model combines daily lessons tailored for you with a pathway through the various topics and levels involved in learning a new language. This is combined with innovative features such as the augmented reality lessons and a chatbot.Well go into more detail about each of these below, but the beauty of Mondly is in their combination. Youre never using the exact same method all the time, so you wont get bored!Mondly FeaturesDaily lessonsThe way Mondly gets you to keep up your language practice is by providing you with daily lessons. Each day, youll get a notification reminding you that your lesson is available.Through game-like exercises, youre introduced to new vocabulary and relevant phrases for a given topic. For instance, you might have a daily lesson about travel, in which case youll learn the words for airport, passport and a way of saying I am here on business. At the end of the lesson, youre reminded of the new words and phrases you learned in that session.For those who have used an app like Duolingo, these daily lessons look very familiar. In fact, the format and style of the lessons are almost exactly the same. This isnt necessarily a bad thing as its a format that works. But what makes Mondly more unique? Thats where the other features come in.ChatbotThe language learning chatbot is designed to emulate a conversation, giving you a chance to put the language youre learning into practice.The app gives you a virtual interlocutor and youre invited to respond to conversational prompts, such as a general greeting or a restaurant role-play. Mondly suggests some responses to these, but itll also accept other correct replies.Although the conversations themselves are far from realistic, the speech-to-text functionality in Mondly is pretty good, allowing for this to be enjoyable rather than a chore. At first, you can just go with the suggested responses, but its nice to try and think about what else you could say, too!Augmented realityThis function is a big selling point for Mondly. Using augmented reality technology, you can generate a CGI teacher in your office, living room or wherever!Your teacher will speak to you in your language, before conjuring objects to teach you about them. The first lesson is about animals, and she makes a big impression by appearing to create a lion out of thin air.Some elements of this feature arent bad. While just giving you the names of animals and the like is nothing groundbreaking, you can approach them and see vocabulary, for example, for different body parts and related vocabulary with a visual aid.This means you can learn the word for nose while seeing it on the nose of a lion. I first checked out Mondly a while ago, and I still remember that  il becco is beak in Italian thanks to a cute computer-generated chicken!Having said that, the augmented reality in Mondly, unfortunately, feels more like a gimmick than an effective learning tool. The lessons cant really be halted and resumed at will, making them less effective if youre pushed for time.Meanwhile, the robotic voice and smooth features of your new lecturer make the whole experience quite uncanny!The Pros of MondlyThere are definitely a few things going on in Mondly that make it worthy of some investigation if youre keen to use your smartphone to help you learn.Innovative features to keep you interestedLanguage learning software is an increasingly competitive field, so even when it doesnt quite hit the mark, its good to see the developers of Mondly being somewhat innovative in their features.Theres a certain w ow factor to the augmented reality and a real bonus that it works in every language, while the chat features and effective speech-to-text software make for a varied and engaging experience.Competitive elementBy completing lessons in Mondly, you earn points. These affect your place on a leaderboard, both against all other users in the world and any of your friends who you may have on the app.A bit of competitive spirit helps get things going, so theres nothing like sitting below your colleague in the table to motivate you to do a few more lessons!A large array of source and target languagesMondly boasts 33 languages, all of which can be used as either source or target languages. That means its just as easy to be a French speaker learning Afrikaans as it is to be a Mandarin speaker learning Italian.Some of the languages could do with further developmentâ€"for example, the alphabet switching when youre learning Arabic isnt perfect and causes some of the options to jump around in transl ation exercisesâ€"but this is a real strength, especially for people who are frustrated by the number of tools that focus too much on using English as a base.The Cons of MondlyHaving said all of that, Mondly has some drawbacks that are quite disappointing as you try to push on in your learning.Lack of differentiation between levelsA huge drawback of Mondly is that its too heavily aimed at lower levels. When you first sign up, youre asked what level you already have in the language. I had a go at Italian (in which Im around an upper-intermediate level) and Arabic (at which Im a complete beginner) but the classes and materials were exactly the same!Mondly might be a good way to get an entry into a new level, but its not as good a platform as the likes of FluentU, which use authentic materials aimed at all different levels.FluentU takes real-world videosâ€"like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talksâ€"and turns them into personalized language learning lessons. It makes authentic material approachable whether youre a complete beginner or an advanced student.For those looking to deepen their understanding and usage of a language they already somewhat know, Mondly is far from ideal. By pairing Mondly with more robust language learning programs like FluentU, you can increase your learning scope and apply newly learned information to authentic context.It has a monthly feeWhile theres a free version that allows you to try some features, the amount you can use is extremely limited. You can access some daily lessons but only the first conversation of the chatbot and the first set of vocabulary lessons. Packages start from $9.99 per month, and this gives you access only to a single language.This is a bit limiting, especially when you consider that other programs, like FluentU, allow you to access all the languages they offer under one umbrella subscription.Some features feel contrivedWhile I appreciate Mondlys attempts at innovation, the result is often so mething that feels a long way from natural. The conversations in the chatbot are stilted, while the augmented reality function really just replays set pieces in a way that captures your interest at first but loses its impact as the novelty fades.There are plenty of programs that use tech to improve your experience, but do it in a balanced and natural way. FluentU, for instance, uses interactive subtitles, video-enhanced flashcards and adaptive quizzes that take your prior learning into account  to create a personalized learning experience.Innovative technology is an excellent way to maintain learner interest and motivation. If youre taken in by the cool tech of Mondly, then enjoy! If youd rather have something more authentic and natural, you might want to look elsewhere.We hope youve learned everything you want to know about the program in our Mondly review!While Mondly makes some interesting moves in the field of language learning, its hard to escape the feeling that the good parts are rehashed from existing platforms and the areas in which theyve tried to innovate still need some work. Its worth downloading the free version and, if the features strike your fancy, have a go. However, with the price still far from cheap for a product like this, it has a way to go before catching up to some of the leaders in the area.

Government willing to bail out some Universities - Tutor Hunt Blog

Government willing to bail out some Universities Government willing to bail out some Universities, but will others be left to fail? Government willing to bail out some Universities, but will others be left to fail?UniversitiesWe are all used to reading about the government bailing out Banks when they face hard times, but what about universities? Can they expect the same kinds of help the financial sector regularly receives? Are they also, to use the popular American colloquialism, `too big to fail`? A university is not part of the capitalist system - they are public institutions, funded by the government, and of course by students themselves, who must pay substantial amounts for their attendance. The purpose of a university though is not to make money - they are seats of learning, palaces of higher education. Many receive partial funding from private companies for research purposes, but this goes towards ancillary aspects of the university. They are there to educate, not to make money. The international ratings agency Moody`s recently revelled to its clients that it believes there to be a high probability the government would step in to assist a university that was facing financial hardship. This is not to say that they believe most universities are acting complacently, nonchalantly believing that whatever troubles they face, the government will save them. It is actually not unusual for universities to borrow money from a bank in the same way that a company would - but out of the nine universities that have recently taken out large loans from banks Moody`s have attached negative warnings to the credit ratings of as many as seven of them. Out of all the UK universities only Oxford and Cambridge are rated by Moody`s as being stable financially. This summer it was reported that a university, so far unnamed, had received a 900,000 bail out package from the Office for Students, the government funded UK higher education regulator. The timing was comically apposite, given that only this month the head of the OfS, Sir Michael Barber, announced in a speech that they will not be bailing out universities in the future, and that they must not assume they will always be propped up with emergency financial packages. At the wonderfully named Wonkiest higher education festival in London earlier this year he laid out his views on the subject: `The OfS will not bail out providers in financial difficulty. This kind of thinking not unlike the `too big to fail` idea among the banks will lead to poor decision-making and a lack of financial discipline, is inconsistent with the principle of university autonomy and is not in students` longer term interests,` `Should a university or other higher education provider find themselves at risk of closure, our role will be to protect students` interests, and we will not hesitate to intervene to do so. We will not step in to prop up a failing provider.` These are indeed hard times for many universities - rising tuition costs have meant that the number of students applying to universities has dropped in recent years. Their financial uncertainty is only exacerbated by the imminent threat of a funding review, commissioned by Teresa May earlier this year. It seems that larger universities are afforded more protection by the government, with a financial bail out being more readily given to them than to smaller ones. While Oxford and Cambridge enjoy top triple A ratings according to Moody`s, Manchester only has an Aa2 rating, while Keele and Leeds languish with Aa3 ratings. Moody`s said the drop in University applicants has played a major role in low credit ratings, with uncertainty concerning tuition fees, general funding, and brexit related fears only adding to their financial uncertainty. The rating`s agency wasn`t all negative in its report however, going on to say that it expected general credit ratings for UK universities to remain good, thanks to secure debt management plans, and the well respected international reputation they enjoy. It uttered a cautionary note however, saying that `some rated universities are likely to post operating deficits as a result of these pressures over the next couple years.` The UK has some of the oldest and most prestigious universities in the world - it would be a terrible shame for any of these to be lost due to financial mismanagement. It also has a number of smaller, newer universities, that may not be able to solicit as much aid as their larger, more venerable counterparts; and it would be sad indeed if a disproportionate amount of assistance went to assist the larger universities, while the smaller institutions were left to fend for themselves. 15 months ago0Add a Comment